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Table of Contents
January-June 2016
Volume 1 | Issue 1
Page Nos. 1-44
Online since Wednesday, September 7, 2016
Accessed 153,470 times.
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Comprehensive knowledge regarding oral habits amongst general and specialist dental practitioners
p. 1
Sujitha Balraj, Joyson Moses, M Arul Pari, Jai Ganesh Inbanathan
Context:
Dentists play an important role in identifying the existence of deleterious oral habits, verifying the association between habits and malocclusion and planning and establishing the treatment for it.
Aims:
The aim of the present study was to assess the comprehensive knowledge of BDS and MDS practitioners on oral habits
. Subjects and Methods:
The study was conducted in the Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital. A total of 90 dental surgeons, selected randomly by stratified sampling method, were involved in this study, of which 32 were BDS and 58 were MDS from different specialties.
Statistical Analysis Used:
The absolute and percentage frequencies were obtained for data analysis (descriptive statistical techniques). The existence of a significant association between BDS and MDS practitioners was verified using bivariate analysis (Yates' Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests).
Results:
This questionnaire-based study depicts the response of the dental practitioners toward the prevalence, etiology, clinical features, and treatment plan of adverse oral habits. When compared to MDS practitioners, BDS practitioners had less knowledge on the identification and early diagnosis of the adverse effects on oral habits.
Conclusions:
As deleterious oral habits in children are devastating conditions to be noted in literature of dentistry, more importance should be emphasized by the dentist.
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Use of anesthesia in pediatric dentistry: A cross-sectional survey
p. 5
A Naurin Salma, Mahesh Ramakrishnan
Aim:
The aim of this study is to access the knowledge and use of dental anesthesia in pediatric dentistry.
Objective:
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of dental anesthesia among pediatric dentists.
Materials and Methods:
The survey was conducted among pediatric dentists who were practicing in Chennai, South India. A questionnaire was distributed which include questions relating to the use of local and topical anesthetics.
Background:
Anesthetic injection is the dental procedure that produces the greatest negative response in children. Pain and anxiety can reduce the efficacy of anesthesia in pediatric patients. This fear of anesthesia is often manifested as a behavior management problem, with a few pediatric patients lacking good coping skills and displaying hysterical behavior in anticipation of discomfort. Anxiety is the most disturbing experience for children, a response that sometimes can only be controlled with techniques beyond anesthesia. There are several factors that can predispose a patient to this overdose of anesthetic. The patient factors include age, weight, other medications, sex, presence of other systemic disorders, genetics, and mental attitude, and environment. There is a lack of studies accessing the usage and status of anesthesia in pediatric dentistry.
Results:
Eighty-eight percent used exact body weight to determine local anesthetic dosage. Only 11% of the respondents were using <10 s to inject a full cartridge. Topical anesthetics were used by most of the dentists. Most patients (98%) disliked the taste of topical anesthetics, and adverse drug reactions were rarely seen.
Conclusion:
The findings of this study demonstrate that pediatric dentists are most commonly used local anesthetics as the preferred type and shorter needle for infiltrations and blocks. Most were taking anywhere from 31 to 60 s to inject a cartridge. Topical anesthetics were used by most and also the preferred one. However, their perception of the effectiveness of topical anesthetics varied. There also appears to be a need to develop newer and better mode of topical anesthetic delivery system in the pediatric dental population.
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Evaluation of parental attitude and practice on the primary teeth of their children in Chennai: An hospital survey
p. 10
Anjana Mounissamy, Joyson Moses, Jai Ganesh, M Arulpari
Introduction:
Teeth are critical to the growth and development of a child. This survey evaluated the parental attitude and practices on the primary teeth of their children.
Materials and Methods:
The present study was conducted on the parents who visited the Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, during October and November 2015. A total of 106 parents with 2-12 years children who visited for dental treatment of their children were involved in the study with their consent. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data, and the collected data were computed and analyzed using IBM-SPSS 19. Descriptive statistics was used; frequency distribution including number and percentage was calculated and inferences drawn.
Results:
Majority of the participants were from low socioeconomic status. About 78.3% of them visited a dental office when their children experienced toothache/trauma, 33% felt regular dental check is not important, 20.8% said treating primary teeth was not necessary, 10.4% used baby toothpaste, 96.2% did not use mouthwash, majority of the children brushed with toothpaste/powder only once daily, and 69% had no idea whether toothpaste contains fluoride. They were unaware of the pediatric oral health-care information provision and had poor knowledge.
Conclusion:
It was concluded that the pediatric dental health-care attitude and practice among the parents needs to be revisited.
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Association of nonnutritive sucking habits and malocclusion: A cross-sectional study
p. 15
Nikhitha Ramesh, Deepa Guruanthan, Shanmugaavel A Karthikeyan
Aim:
The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between nonnutritive sucking habits (NNSHs) and development of malocclusion.
Objective:
The objective of the study is to assess the association of NNSHs and malocclusion.
Materials
and
Methods:
A total of 400 children between the age group of 3-6 years were examined for the presence of NNSHs, and factors that influence the habit were assessed through a questionnaire that was distributed to the parents of all the children and their oral cavity was examined for the presence of malocclusion.
Results:
Out of the 230 children who took part in the study, 61% of them showed the presence of a digit-sucking habit. Factors such as parent's education, socioeconomic factors, and duration of breastfeeding had a positive influence on NNSH. It was found that 58.1% of digit suckers showed the presence of malocclusion.
Conclusion:
Digit-sucking habits were found in three-fourth of the children and found a significant association between NNSH and malocclusion.
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CASE REPORTS
An unusual oropharyngeal trauma due to toothbrush in a 3-year-old child: A case report and review
p. 19
MS Girish, Revathi Jaisingh, Seema Deshmukh, MD Indira
Toothbrushing as an oral hygiene measure has become an integral part of daily routine and regarded as safe for children. Toothbrush has been designed in such a way that it should not harm the soft tissues. Oropharyngeal injuries in children due to toothbrush while brushing the teeth can damage the vital tissues and vessels around the oropharynx and can end up with severe complications. Here, we report a case of a 3-year-old female child who had a severe oropharyngeal trauma while brushing was performed against to the child's wish.
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Management of traumatic dental injury, midline diastema, and single tooth crossbite in a 9-year-old child: A pediatric dentistry approach
p. 22
Sivakumar Nuvvula, Namratha Tharay, S.V.S.G. Nirmala, Sreekanth Kumar Mallineni
Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) and malocclusion are the most common conditions affecting the esthetics during the mixed dentition period of children. The objective of the treatment should be conservative, economical, and comfortable to the patient, with satisfaction being the major treatment outcome. The purpose of this report is to describe the conservative management of TDI using calcium hydroxide apexification technique in a boy aged 9 years, along with correction of midline diastema and anterior crossbite by a removable appliance incorporating a single finger spring, Z-spring, and posterior bite plane, respectively.
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Surgical management of mucocele in buccal mucosa
p. 26
G Lavanya, Jeevanandan Ganesh, E.M.G. Subramanian
Mucocele is a salivary gland lesion that occurs due to extravasation of the mucus into the fibrous connective tissue leading to a cyst-like cavity. The wall of the cavity is formed by compressed bundles of collagen fibrils and is filled with mucin. We report a case of mucocele in the right buccal mucosa due to unknown origin.
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REVIEW ARTICLES
Diagnostic methods for early detection of dental caries - A review
p. 29
Madhumitha Mohanraj, V Ratna Prabhu, R Senthil
Management of dental caries demands early detection of carious lesions. This article provides an overview of the state of the art methodologies for the detection and assessment of early carious lesions. This review is based on PubMed for available literature on caries detection methodology and tools, using terms such as "early detection of caries," "caries detection methods or tools," "transillumination," "fluorescence," and "newer caries detection method," Conventional or the traditional methods for the detection of caries have failed to detect early incipient caries effectively. The advanced methods provide promising results in detection both early caries and also caries occurring on all surfaces of the tooth, which paves the way for a more preventive approach to caries management. Each caries detection tool has advantages and disadvantages; some perform better on certain surfaces than others. Newer diagnostic methods which are still under research may prove to be very effective for early detection of caries in the near future. The change in the paradigm to minimally invasive dentistry has ascertained the field of dentistry to a more preventive approach to caries management, which demands a proper caries risk assessment and an early detection of caries. Not all the methods accurately detect early lesions. Hence, the clinician must ascertain as to which method and diagnostic tool should be used for clinical assessment of early detection of caries.
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Dental office design and waste care management in infection control
p. 37
Sindhuja Krishnan, Saravana Pandian
Infection control is the most vital and fundamental aspect of health-care practice pertaining to the faculties of medicine, surgery, or dentistry. The nature of dental procedures involves occupational exposure to blood and saliva that might carry these microorganisms. Dental health-care professionals and dental patients are, therefore, at a high risk for developing infectious diseases. This article emphasizes the importance of infection control in a dental office. It describes the protocol to be followed in a dental clinic setup. Steps in health care waste management have also been discussed. It is extremely important for a dentist to follow a protocol to facilitate cross-infection control in the office and to prevent cross-contamination between the patients, dentists, assistants, and ancillary staff. Personal protection, decontamination/sterilization of instruments and materials, and formulation of an infection control policy have been discussed.
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Break the barrier: Bringing children with special health care needs into mainstream dentistry
p. 42
Dhanalakshmi Ravikumar, S Sujatha
Dental treatment is the most common unmet need for children with special health care needs, as they present with a complex assay of developmental delays and unusual issues, all of which can complicate routine dental examination and treatment. It is a greater challenge for the dentist to treat children with special health care needs (SHCNs) and special arrangements to provide dental care for these patients. This review paper highlights about different barriers encountered by the children with SHCNs, their parents, and the dentist and possible ways of breaking the barriers.
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